I. Introduction

Biomass is the biggest potential source of energy in the world, as well in Poland. It’s a organic substance created in accumulation of solar energy process. The most important feature of biomass is, not generating so huge emission of sulfur dioxide, as it is in combustion of coal or other fossil fuels. Also balance of carbon dioxide created in biomass combustion is equal to zero because of its absorption in photosynthesis process. Energy from biomass can be generated in results of different processes as combustion, gasification, alcohol or methane fermentation and in using plant oils as fuels.

In accordance with regulation of Polish Ministry of Economy and Labour dated on 9^th of December 2004:

Biomass is solid or liquid substances which have origins in plants or animals, which are biodegradable. These are from products, wastes and residues of agricultural and forest production, and also from industry process of theses products, as well as other residues which are biodegradable. (Dz. U. Nr 267, poz. 2656).

Biomass can be qualified depending on level of its processing:

• primary energy raw materials – wood, straw, energetic plants, cultivated mainly to get biomass;
• secondary energy raw materials – slurry, manure, organic wastes, sludge;
• processed energy raw materials –biogas, bioethanol, biomethanol, biodiesel, biooils

and in type of its origins:

• forest biomass
• agricultural biomass
• organic residues

Benefits which we have from biomass use are listed as below:

• reduce emission of greenhouse gases according to replacement of fossil fuels use,
• exploitation of local energy resources
• decentralized of energy production
• diversification of energy sources
• harm reduction in environment connected with mining of fossil fuels
• waste management
• support of socio-economy development through new jobs creating and improving the image of region implementing technologies friendly for environment.

Thanks to this elaboration Janów Commune will cover:

• Possibilities of realization of energy and ecology policies
• Energy management of Janów
• Possibilities of applying for public funding for activities realization in energy infrastructure development
• Creating of conditions for energy market development and creating new workplaces.
• Elaboration of common energy policy by commune together with energy companies,
• Knowledge about energy possibilities in Janów, which will secure correct direction for future investments
• Identify opportunities and notes of natural environment
• Estimation of possibilities for renewable energy development, which is strongly connected with commune’s promotion and it economic development
• Effective impact on reducing the cost of energy services.

Elaboration has five parts:

• part I – estimation of local environmental conditions,
• part II – estimation of biomass potential in Janów,
• part III – estimation of bioenergy potential and energy use by citizens,
• part IV – elaboration of possibile technical solutions
• part V – enironmental, social and economical results of biomass use.

II. Relations with program and strategic documents on European, national and regional level.

Directive of European Parliament and Council 2009/28/WE dated on 23^rd of April 2009, in promotion of use of energy from renewable sources was publicized in EU Official Journal on 5^th of June 2009. With this directive members countries have to ensure the participation of renewable energy in final energy use in EU on 20% level till 2020, part A, attachment I provides to Poland target of 15% participation of energy from renewable energy.

Directive 2001/80/WE European Parliament and Council in reduce of emission of several waste to the air from huge location of energetic combustion, dated on 23^rd of October 2001. (directive introduces emission requirements for existing sources as well as for new one, which heat power is equal or higher than 50MW. Directive provides duty of continuously measurement of sulfur dioxide, nitric oxidies and pollen for bigger group.)

Directive 2003/30/WE European Parliament and Council in supporting of use biofuels and other renewable fules in transporatation dated on 8^th of May 2003 (directive has to promote use of biofuels and other renewable fuels in place of diesel or petrol use in transportation in each member states)

Strategy for Renewable Energy Development signed by Polish Ministers Council in July 2000 and by Polish Parliament on 23^rd of August 2001. This document is realization of duty from Polish Parliament Regulation dated on 8^th of July 1999. Main target described in Strategy is increase of renewable energy participation in fuel-energy balance to 7,5% in 2010 and to 14% in 2020. Strategy also highlights one more time meaning of renewable energy. Document points legislative, financed, information, educational and other barriers impede development of renewable energy.

Polish energy Policy to 2025 dated on 22^nd of December 2004 (M.P. z 2005 r. nr 42, poz. 562) – this document signed by Polish Ministers Council on 4^th of January 2005 is correspondent with rules described in Assumptions to National Development Plan 2007-2013. This document replaced Assumptions of Polish energy policy to 2020 (valid to 31^st of December 2005). Main target of state energy policy is supporting of renewable energy development and get 7,5% its participation in energy balance to 2010. For main rules of energy policy described:

• rule of harmonious energy management in conditions of social economy market;
• full integration of polish energetics with European and worldwide
• fulfill of treaty obligations by Poland;
• support of renewable energy development.

According to previous programmes innovative solution described in this document is proposal of complex approach to energy security management as to activities connected with planning, organization, coordination and supervising of energy security.

State Ecology Policy – signed by Polish Ministers Council on 13^th of June 2000 and accepted by Polish Parliament on 23^rd of August 2001. This document described as one of the most important sets directions for activities to decrease energy consumption and described priors for renewable energy use. State Ecology Policy 2003-2006 with 2007-2010 perspective, signed by Polish Ministers Council on 17^th of December 2002 is continuation of Government works on State ecology policy. This document, referring to prior directions for activities described in VI Activities Programme of EU in environment protection, assumes realization ecology policy inter alia through production and consumption model change, decrease of materials consumption, water and energy consumption and use of the best available techniques and best practices for management.

Climate Policy of Poland. Strategies for reduction of emission of greenhouse gases in Poland to 2020. This document signed by Polish Ministers Council on 4^th of Novemeber 2003. It’s realization of duty resulting from signed by Poland, United Nations Framework Convention in 1992, about climate change, elaboration and implementation of state strategy for greenhouse gases reduction. This document described main target, also in energy, increased use of renewable energy and other necessary base and additional activities which will be realization of these
targets.

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